A barrier method of birth control, the diaphragm is a shallow, flexible, dome-shaped cup made of latex. Prior to intercourse, the diaphragm is coated with spermicide and then inserted into the vagina so that it covers the cervix. The diaphragm blocks the entrance to the uterus while the spermicide prevents the sperm from passing.
Effectiveness
According to Planned Parenthood, 6 out of 100 women will become pregnant in a year if they always use the diaphragm correctly. Among women who do not always use the diaphragm correctly, 16 out of 100 will become pregnant in a year. The diaphragm does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
Advantages
The diaphragm is a safe, convenient, non-hormonal form of birth control. It generally cannot be felt by either partner, and its use does not interrupt sex play, as it can be inserted in advance of intercourse. The diaphragm becomes effective immediately and is also a completely reversible form of birth control.
Disadvantages
The diaphragm cannot be used while a woman is menstruating. While side effects from using a diaphragm are rare, some women may develop frequent urinary tract infections. Others may suffer vaginal infections as a result of irritation from the latex or the spermicide. The use of a diaphragm also puts women at a very slight risk for Toxic Shock Syndrome.
Use
Your health care provider will show you insert your diaphragm. Your diaphragm can be put in place up to an hour before sexual intercourse; after intercourse, your diaphragm must remain in place for at least six hours but no more than 24 hours. If you have sex for a second time before you've removed your diaphragm, you should leave the diaphragm in place and add more spermicide to your vagina. After you remove your diaphragm, you should clean it with mild soap and warm water.
Procurement and Cost
A health care provider must fit you for a diaphragm. He or she will then write you a prescription for a diaphragm that you can pick up at your drugstore. Diaphragms range in price from $15 to $75; the appointment with your health care provider will cost from $50 to $200. Both of these expenses may be covered under your health insurance.
Shelf Life
If you take good care of your diaphragm, it will probably last about two years. You may need a new diaphragm before two years have passed if you give birth, have a miscarriage or second-trimester abortion or experience a significant change in your weight, as all of these events may change the way that your diaphragm fits.
