Gynecomastia, caused by an imbalance of testosterone and estrogen, is the swelling of the breast in males. This condition is not dangerous, yet men and boys with gynecomastia deal with pain and embarrassment. Although gynecomastia may resolve on its own, there are medications that can help restore the balance of hormones. In severe situations, cosmetic surgery to remove excess breast tissue is another option.
Treatment?
In many cases, especially those affecting pubescent boys, gynecomastia will go away over time without any specific treatment. Unfortunately, there are other conditions, such as cirrhosis and malnutrition, that cause gynecomastia, and under these circumstances, medication is required. Certain medications also cause gynecomastia, so your doctor may ask you to cease taking those as well. In young boys, a doctor will evaluate gynecomastia every three to six months to monitor whether or not the condition is improving on its own. If it persists for more than three years, a treatment plan will be recommended.
Medication and Surgery
Your doctor may recommend medications such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, drugs used to fight breast cancer, as a way to treat gynecomastia. It is important to understand that although the FDA has approved these drugs, there is no drug approved specifically for gynecomastia. If medication does not work, your doctor may suggest surgery. Liposuction is a procedure where fat is sucked from the breast and can help men with gynecomastia. Another option is a mastectomy where the actual breast gland is removed.
Prevention
There are certain steps you can take to prevent gynecomastia. Drugs such as steroids, androgens, heroin and marijuana can lead to issues with gynecomastia. Drinking alcohol may worsen gynecomastia. It is also important to know whether any medication you are on can cause gynecomastia. Counseling is a helpful tool to avoid the depression and anxiety that is common for people with gynecomastia.
