There are two sets of criteria in the U.S. stating the requirements for bariatric, or weight-loss, surgery candidates. The National Institutes of Health set criteria for patients in the 1990s that have not changed, while the American Society for Bariatric Surgery created a stringent set of guidelines for candidates.
Body Mass Index
The American Society for Bariatric Surgery set a guideline that a surgery candidate's body mass index (BMI) should be 40 or greater. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) advises that candidates whose BMI is greater than 40 are cleared for surgery, while those with a BMI of 35 to 39 must have associated severe health problems to qualify.
Weight Loss
Another requirement is a history of attending weight loss programs for at least six months. This is also a requirement of most insurance companies.
Medical Conditions
Associated medical problems that would improve with weight loss that would qualify a candidate for surgery include arthritis, bladder weakness, diabetes, heart problems and high cholesterol.
Informed
Candidates must accept and be aware of the risks of surgery and also be aware of the future changes in lifestyle that must include regular exercise.
Family & Friends
Candidates are required to have a circle of family and close friends who are supportive of surgery and future lifestyle changes that are required of candidates.
Cancers
All candidates under the American Society of Bariatric Surgery guidelines must have been cancer free for five years prior to surgery.
