Gastric bypass surgery
has rapidly become the most frequently performed weight loss procedure in the U.S. The rise of morbid obesity in the last two decades has led to an increased need for the surgery. Gastric bypass has numerous benefits since it eliminates most major weight-induced conditions. However, gastric bypass is an invasive procedure that causes many complications.
Gastric Bypass Surgery
Complications that arise from gastric bypass surgery are the result of the type of procedure that is performed. Gastric Bypass surgery is annvasive procedure that involves creating a new stomach pouch, restricting the stomach and bypassing the top end of the small intestine.
Due to the involved nature of the surgery, numerous complications can arise.
Nutrition Deficiencies
The top end of the small intestine absorbs the nutrients found in the foods we eat. Therefore, gastric bypass patients suffer many nutritional deficiencies due to the stomach being rerouted. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies include iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B-12 and vitamin D deficiency. The nutritional deficiencies lead to hair loss, dry skin and anemia. In order to combat these complications, gastric bypass patients are asked to take supplements and eat properly.
General Complications
In addition to nutritional deficiencies, there are other less severe complications that are a result of gastric bypass surgery. These complications include low blood pressure, intolerance to foods, hernias, gallstones, dehydration, fatigue, body aches and mood fluctuations. These complications are typically common shortly after surgery, during the body's adjustment period. They tend to improve over time.
Serious Complications
Some of the more serious complications that result from gastric bypass include obstructed bowels, blood-born infections, leakage between the staples and kidney infections. Patients may also suffer stomach hemorrhaging as a result of the stomach being separated during the surgical procedure.
The risk of blood clotting in the legs is more prevalent after gastric bypass surgery. Extremely obese people are at a greater risk of developing blood clots in their legs. Blood clots are extremely dangerous because they can cause pulmonary embolism if they travel to the lungs. Pulmonary embolisms damage lung tissue and can ultimately lead to death. The risk of clotting is greater among the obese people smokers. Leg wrapping and daily movements are recommended ways to prevent blood clots in the legs.
Dumping syndrome is another serious complication after gastric bypass surgery. Dumping is induced when food passes rapidly through the small intestine. Symptoms include vomiting, sweating, diarrhea, dizziness and sweating.
Death
Like all major surgical procedures, gastric bypass does increase the risk of death. Gastric bypass surgery has a .08 percent mortality rate. There are numerous factors that contribute to the risk of death: level of obesity, age, chronic illnesses and overall health. Furthermore, the type of gastric procedure also impacts mortality rates. More invasive surgical procedures place patients at greater risk for developing illnesses.
Warning
It is important to consult your health care professional for a complete overview for all of the complications that are caused by gastric bypass surgery.
