Gastric (stomach) cancer is a type of cancer that can develop in any part of the stomach. Stomach cancer is among the five most common cancers that develop worldwide. Cancers of the stomach causes about a million deaths per year around the world. More men than women develop this form of cancer.
Causes
The development of stomach cancer is sometimes blamed on a person's diet, such as high salt intake and low intake of fruits and vegetables. Smoking has also been blamed in the development of stomach cancer, as have conditions such as gastritis.
Symptoms
Symptoms of stomach cancer include heartburn and a loss of appetite, particularly concerning meat products. As the cancer progresses, the person may feel pain in their upper abdomen or experience nausea or vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, fatigue, and rectal bleeding. Sever bleeding may also cause anemia.
Diagnosis
To diagnose stomach cancer, a physician must thoroughly investigate the patient's medical background, perform a physical exam, and order lab tests. Among these tests are a Computed Tomography (CT) scan, an Upper GI series, or a gastroscopic exam.
Treatment
Treatment methods depend on the stage and type of the cancer and the general condition of the patient, but may include chemotherapy, radiation or surgical removal of a portion or all of the stomach. If the cancer has spread, surgeons may remove portions of other nearby organs and some healthy tissue as well. Endoscopic mucosal resection, is also being used in some cases.
Prognosis
The earlier that stomach cancer is found, the higher the chances are for long-term survival. Stomach cancer is the second most common cause of death due to cancer. Many cases are discovered late because early stages show few symptoms. Stomach cancer spreads to other parts of the body in about 90% of all cases, with a 15% chance of survival in late stages. If caught early, patients stand a 65% chance of living up to six months.
